Tag: konratieff
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Ashes in the Ledger
Sometimes I wonder how many social democrats and Jews of all extractions—bankers, pharmacists, tailors, teachers—found their hands brushing against the paper edges of stock certificates for Audi, Bayer, Hugo Boss, Thyssen, IG Farben, Krupp. How many of them sat in cramped apartments in Berlin or Vienna, trying to reconcile their progressive ideals or ancestral guilt…
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Philosophy and Konratieff cycles
Konratieff cycles, also known as Kondratiev waves or long waves, are economic cycles lasting approximately 40 to 60 years, named after the Russian economist Nikolai Kondratieff. Kondratieff proposed that capitalist economies go through long-term cycles of boom and bust due to technological innovations, changes in infrastructure, and shifts in economic fundamentals. These cycles are often…
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Why Have Key Changes Disappeared? The Algorithmic Flattening of Music
There was a time when music changed because musicians changed it. The 1960s and the late 1980s were moments of exploratory abundance, where artists—unconstrained by invisible hands of optimization—chose their own paths. Key changes, unconventional structures, and unexpected genre fusions weren’t strategic decisions; they were what happened when musicians pushed at the edges of possibility.…